External Walkaround 점검 방법
Step 5 of the seven-step method. Walk the vehicle and, at each safety-critical part, name it, point to or touch it, and say the exact defect you are checking for. Your state's checklist groups these by area (front, steering axle, side, rear); the parts and defects below are the standard set.
단계별
- 1
Steering system: steering box securely mounted and not leaking; hoses not cracked or worn; steering linkage (arms, tie rods, drag link) connected, not worn, bent or loose, with no missing nuts or cotter pins.필수
- 2
Tires (each wheel): tread depth at least 4/32 inch on steer tires (2/32 inch on other tires); no cuts, bulges or exposed cord; even wear; proper inflation; valve stem and cap present.필수
- 3
Rims: no cracks, bends or illegal welds.
- 4
Lug nuts: all present and tight — no rust streaks, shiny threads or cracks around the bolt holes.필수
- 5
Suspension: leaf springs, spring hangers, U-bolts, torque/radius rods and shock absorbers not cracked, broken, shifted or missing; air bags not leaking.
- 6
Brakes: brake drum not cracked; brake linings/pads not worn below the limit and not contaminated with oil or grease; brake hoses/lines not cut, cracked or leaking; brake chamber secure and not leaking; slack adjuster free play within about 1 inch when pulled by hand.필수
- 7
Lights and reflectors: side marker, clearance, tail, brake, turn and reflector — correct color, clean, unbroken and working.
- 8
Fuel tank(s) / DEF tank: securely mounted, cap tight, not leaking.
- 9
Frame and cross members: no cracks, bends or missing members; exhaust system secure and not leaking or touching wiring/fuel/air lines.
- 10
Doors, mirrors and splash guards: secure; glass and mirrors not broken; mud flaps present if required.
- 11
Rear: tail, brake, turn and clearance lights and reflective tape clean and working; cargo doors and cargo securement secure.
자동 탈락·필수 항목
- Name + point to/touch + explain the defect for EVERY safety-critical item, or you lose credit for it.
- Steer-tire tread must be at least 4/32 inch (other tires 2/32 inch); no exposed cord or cuts into the cord.
- Slack adjuster about 1 inch of free play; brake linings not worn or grease-contaminated; springs not cracked, broken or missing — these are CVSA out-of-service items.
흔한 실수
- Quoting the wrong tread-depth minimum (steer 4/32, others 2/32).
- Looking at a wheel without naming the rim, lug nuts, tire, brake and suspension parts and their defects.
- Missing a leaking brake chamber, cracked drum, or over-travelled slack adjuster.
- Forgetting to check springs, U-bolts and shock absorbers on the suspension.
왜 중요한가
The walkaround catches the failures most likely to cause a crash or a roadside out-of-service order: bad steering, worn or contaminated brakes, cracked frames or springs, and unsafe tires and wheels. Saying each defect out loud is how the examiner knows you inspected the part, and how you build the habit that keeps an 80,000-lb vehicle safe.